The Death Of Socrates Resides - 1324 Words

The Death of Socrates resides in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. It is by Jacques Louis David, a French painter from the eighteenth century. This particular piece was done in 1787 about an event that occurred 399 BC. Socrates was faced with a legal decision to renounce his teachings or drink a cup of hemlock, killing himself. Socrates’s teachings were hugely influential in Greece at that time and it sparked recognizable change in Athens particularly. Athenian authority saw his revolutionary thought as a threat and because of his teaching he refused to renounce his teaching. Even without this knowing the dramatic story of the great thinker and his demise, David’s piece is profoundly striking. The movement and placement of each character as well as the balance of shape and color provide a certain attraction to this piece. Additionally, it provides a great example of the intriguing cross between art and The Academy. David intelligently pays tribute to the height and power of ancient philosophy as well as modern art and this marriage makes for a greatly impactful piece of art. At first impression, the movement and layout are the most arresting part of this piece. Socrates, propped up on his deathbed, appears strong and stoic but at the same time somber and delicate. The anatomic accuracy of Socrates as well as the other characters provides a geometric structure. Whereas the light suspension of the different fabrics in the painting provide a soft fluidity and these twoShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Apology By Plato786 Words   |  4 Pagessentencing of the philosopher Socrates. It reads as a firsthand account of the testimony from both Socrates and his accusers, more often than not Socrates has a rather strong rebuttal for the accusations however in the end it was still not enough to save him from conviction. This trail being the culmination of decades of teaching throughout Athens, to guide people to the truth that resides inside them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some of the ideas and teachings that come from Socrates in the Apology, are at timesRead MorePlato s The Trial And Death Of Socrates Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesPlato’s The Trial and Death of Socrates presents the reader with complex competing conceptions of what should be considered â€Å"the good life†. According to Socrates, â€Å"the most important thing is not life, but the good life† (Crito, 48b). The majority, who live a non-philosophical life, believes the goods of life include wealth, reputation, and honor: all things that can easily be taken away or destroyed. On the other hand, Socrates lives a philosophical life filled with self-sufficiency. He views wisdomRead MoreSo What Exactly Happens After Death? Do We Reincarnate1314 Words   |  6 PagesSo what exactly happens after death? Do we reincarnate into a different form? Do we somehow take someone else’s body? The idea of what occurs after death has been controversy for many years. There’s has been theories and evidence that try to understand what exactly happens. According to Socrates he believes in the idea that there’s still life after death and the soul and the body are two separate things. Furthermore, his ideas would be considered what dualist beliefs. Meanwhile, another philosopherRead MoreFate Or Free Will?882 Words   |  4 Pagesinexplicable. Philosophically, there is an extremely diaphanous line separating free will and fate. Free will resides within one’s individuality; it has to do with the present. The how and when experiences that are within our controls that is free will. On the other hand, human beings do not have immortality, so one will never be capable enough to circumvent dying that is fate. Socrates was one of the most distinguished philosophers to demonstrate free will. He would demonstrate this by choosingRead MoreSocrates : The Power Of Knowledge932 Words   |  4 Pages philosopher Socrates touched many lives of the Athenians and lived to question the knowledge and intelligence of those he met. Socrates took joy in examining the world and self proclaims his own ignorance rather than living under the guise of being an expert. Student of Socrates, philosopher Plato grew in popularity around 400 B.C and strived to uncover the meanings behind ideas such as goodness, reality and beauty. While Socrates became infamous around Athens, and was later put to death for his coreRead MoreSocrates s Argument Against The Death Penalty1189 Words   |  5 PagesSocrates was found guilty of the following accusations; corrupting the youth, believing in different gods, or being an atheist, and for â€Å"examining† the heavens above and the earth below. He inclined for a fine that could be paid instead of facing banishment, however, the court decided to give him the death penalty. There he slept in prison when Criton approached and attempted to persuade him to e scape. He declined as it would go against his logic and reasoning he taught his whole life. Was it â€Å"just†Read MoreThe Body And The Soul1153 Words   |  5 PagesAn Analysis of the Distinctions of the Body and the Soul in the Philosophy of Socrates This philosophical study will define the distinctions of the body and the soul as defined in the philosophy of Socrates. In the Phaedo, Socrates defines the important distinction between the †visible† body and the â€Å"invisible† substance of the soul. Socrates defines the temporal and changing nature of the visible body, which is impermanent. In contrast to this view, the soul is a higher form of incomposite energyRead More No Harm Can Come to a Good Man Essay1159 Words   |  5 Pagesa Good Man Whether Socrates is portrayed correctly or not, he certainly was a great man. His contribution to western thought cannot be denied. For even if his teachings were different from what they are known to be at present, his influence on Plato is immense. And so, it is no small matter to describe the tragic passing of such a man as Socrates was and remains for philosophy today. Yet in all the indignation which is expected to arise at the death of Socrates, the panache with which heRead MoreThe Fear Of Death Is Meaningless984 Words   |  4 PagesThe fear of death is meaningless in this concept. But what are we fearing in death? Is it the unimaginable or our life afterwards? Socrates does not seem to explain this; he simply summarizes that if you lead a life, such as seeking true wisdom, the idea of fear does not exist. What completely is death? He explains it as the separation of the soul and body, but is there actually more to that? For instance, what occurs to your body once you ar e liberated? How can the soul be called pure if it taintedRead MoreThe Soul Stays the Same in Plato1270 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"I think, Socrates, he said, that on this line of argument any man, even the dullest, would agree that the soul is altogether more like that which always exists in the same state rather than like that which does not† (Plato, Phaedo 79e) In this paper I will argue that the soul is not necessarily unchanging and eternal, as many of Plato’s arguments would suggest otherwise. The main reasons in support of this claim are that there are questionable conclusions that Plato had reached that challenge the

Digital Bangladesh Prospect or Mere Dream Free Essays

The Probability of Digital Bangladesh with reference to Education Submitted To Md. Saiful Islam Associate Professor Chairman, Department of Management Islamic University, Kushtia Submitted by Md. Toufiqur Rahman BBA (hon’s) 8th Semester Roll Number: 0405002 Session: 2004-2005 Department of Management Islamic University, Kushtia Date of Submission Table of Contents Chapter| Title| page| 1| Digital Divide 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Bangladesh: Prospect or Mere Dream or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 Meaning of Digital Divide 1. Digital Divide in Bangladesh : A Global Comparison| | 2| Probability of Digital Bangladesh 2021 with reference to Education2. 1 Meaning of Digital Bangladesh2. 2 Digital Bangladesh in Education| | 3| References | |Chapter 1 Digital Divide 1. 1 Meaning of Digital Divide This digital revolution has created a brand new economic sector that simply did not exist before. Computers, modern telecommunication and the Internet all reduce communication costs and break down geographical borders. In the developed nations government policies are being established which attempts o ensure that all citizens will get opportunity to access the effective use of ICTs in order to enable them to participate in the educational, social and economic activities and democratic process. Developed countries are getting much benefit from the advancement of ICT. So, there is a digital divide between developed and developing countries. The concept of the digital divide has been used to highlight difference in electronic access to information based on economic, race, ethnic or social group and/or geographical location.The term digital divide has been applied to the gap that exists in most countries between those with ready access to the tools of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), and those without such access or skills. It is â€Å"a gap, which tends to deepen, is produced between those individuals that can access new information and communication tools such as phones, TV sets or the Internet, and those who are too poor to get them between the have’s and the have nots† (de Munster, 2004).People living in developed countries have the best access to the fastest computers, best telephone services, competitive Internet Service Providers, and a wealth of content and training relevant to their lives. On the other hand, people living in developing countries have limited access or no access at all to these technologies. The group â€Å"have nots† also don’t have the more ability to use ICTs and even they don’t know that technology can make their life easier. The real gap between these two groups of people is called the â€Å"digital divide† (Giri, 2002). Digital divide also refers to a â€Å"perceived inequality in access to, distribution, and use of information technology between two or more populations† (www. Bridges. org). The digital divide – the gap between those who have access and the ability to use ICT, and those who do not – remains vast access. (Legard, 2001): For example 1. The total Internet bandwidth in Africa is equal to that in the Brazilian city of Sao Paolo. 2. The total Internet bandwidth in all of Latin America is equal to that in Seoul, South Korea. 3. In the United States, 54. 3 percent of citizens use the Internet, compared to a global average of 6. 7 percent.In the Indian subcontinent, the proportion is 0. 4 percent. 1. 2 Digital Divide in Bangladesh: A Global Comparison The ICT status of Bangladesh is not remarkable without some favorable initiatives by the Government and by private entrepreneurs. Computer use in Bangladesh started with a mainframe computer in 1964. The Internet came in Bangladesh in 1993 and IP connectivity in 1996. In April 2000, the Government withdraws taxes on VSAT after that, the use of Internet scenario of the country has been changing rapidly. Presently, there are nearly 266 ISPs serving for accountholders-based connectivity with more than 500,000 users.The Ministry of Science and Information and Communication Technology approved the national ICT policy in 2002. South East Asia-Middle East-West Europe (SEA-ME-WE-4) is a submarine cable consortium connecting 14 counties at 16 landing stations. Bangladesh joined the consortium and signed a MoU on 4 September 2002 at Bali in Indonesia, and then signed the Construction and Maintenance Agreement in 2004 in Dubai. After four years of joining the consortium, on 21 May 2006, the Prime Minister of Bangladesh inaugurated this submarine cable connecting with Bangladesh.The total length of the cable is 22,000 km (approx. ), where the Bangladesh landing station is 1,260 km away from the Cox’s Bazar seashore. Despite all these the digital divide in Bangladesh is much bigger than other countries in the world. Some Statistical data reveal that the country is divided in two groups approximately 99. 8% and 0. 2 % from which the latter is digitally educated. A global comparison is shown on the next page to find out the position of Bangladesh. References Bridges. org. Spanning the digital divide: understanding and tackling the issues. www. bridges. org/spanning e Munster, IL (2004). The digital divide in Latin America: a case study. 70th IFLA General Conference and Council.Buenos Aires, Argentina, 22-27 August 2004. Giri, J (2002). Digital Divide. Paper presented at ICT and development for computer association of Nepal IT conference, January 26-27, 2002 in Kathmandu. (www. interconnection. org/resources/itpoverty. htm) World Bank (2005). World development indicators 2005. Washington, DC: World Bank World Bank (2006). World development indicators 2006. Washington, DC: World Bank Chapter 2 Probability of Digital Bangladesh 2021 2. 1 Meaning of Digital Bangladesh Digital Bangladesh† is currently the most commonly used words in politics, media, among the intellectuals and the civil societies. Since our Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in her party’s election manifesto pledged to develop a digital Bangladesh by 2021, it has given a great hope to the citizens of Bangladesh.Let us now explore the buzzword digital Bangladesh. What does it really mean? Moving towards digital Bangladesh does not imply that the urban young groups of the country will be more sophisticated consumers of high-tech devices like computers, digital cameras, latest model mobile sets or camcorders etc. ased on high-speed Internet infrastructure and promote the dejuice culture. Rather discarding this superficial notion, we need to consider the term ‘digital Bangladesh’ objectively. Broadly speaking, a digital society ensures an ICT driven knowledge-based society where information will be readily available on line and where all possible tasks of the government, semi-government and also private spheres will be processed using the state of the art technology.So, a digital Bangladesh must guarantee efficient and effective use of modern ICT in all spheres of the society with a view to establishing good governance. In other word, making Bangladesh a digital one, we have to establish technology driven e-governance, e-commerce, e-production, e-agriculture, e-health etc. in the society emphasizing the overall development of the common people, the major stakeholders of the country. In the field of ICT, our only grand success lies in Mobile telecommunication which has brought an abrupt change in telecommunication scenario of the country.However, in the o ther spheres of ICT, our achievement is very insignificant and we are still far away from transforming ourselves into a knowledge-based society. Building strong ICT infrastructure is the pre-requisite for making Bangladesh a digital one. For this, we need to focus on the education system first, because the possibility of digital Bangladesh can only be increased when we will be able to educate our next generation with the base of ICT. Present ICT Profile of Bangladesh on the basis of Asia-Pacific Development Information Program is shown on the next page. 2. Digital Bangladesh in Education Digital Bangladesh in education can be visualized when the education system will be completely dependent to the digital systems. Currently the country’s education system is no way near to the digital systems.The teachers give their lectures using traditional books and black boards. The students are going to their respective institutions, hearing lectures, cramming before examination, appearing in the examination and getting degrees. In true sense education system in Bangladesh will be digital if we can achieve the followings by the year 2021. ) Primary Education Level: All the students in the primary level should have a basic knowledge of ICT by the completion of their primary level education. b) Secondary Education Level: Students should practise technical aspects of the theoretical knowledge they gain. c) Tertiary Education Level: Students should try to find out the ways to use ICT in their respective field of study and develop themselves.d) Lecturing System: Teachers should be using computers and the Internet to teach their students in the most convenient way and with the latest information. ) Exams and Results: The students will appear in exams online and the results will be published within seconds after the end of the exams. f) 2. 3 Present Scenario of Digital Education in Bangladesh At present there is no structure for digital education in Bangladesh in the primary, secondary and higher secondary level of education. Students do not have better ideas about the better use of information and communication technology and gaining digital knowledge. At the university level the only a part of students are gaining digital education formally. How to cite Digital Bangladesh: Prospect or Mere Dream, Papers

Ethics of Autonomous Making Emergency

Question: Discuss about the Ethics of Autonomous Making Emergency. Answer: Introduction The assignment discusses about an autonomous vehicle that is driver less vehicle concept of Uber cars. It has come up with autonomous vehicle with an agreement with Volvo. Before Uber, Google has also introduced its autonomous vehicles. The assignment discusses about driverless cars concept with respect to four classical theories that are utilitarianism theory, deontology theory, virtue theory and contract theory. The theory explains about right and wrong for the morale/ good of a number of people. According to this theory those actions should be done which make people good/ happy. In this morals are separated between good or bad. Good can be understood by a situation which makes people happy or there is no pain. However good can be further divided into qualitative, which is in terms of pleasure and quantitative good which is in terms of well being. According to this theory only those actions should be done which can results in benefit for all (Bourke, 2016). The basic motive of purchasing a car is safety, that is before purchasing or riding in a car safety must be ensure to reduce accidents. It is presumed that when human operated vehicles can cause so many accidents than what about in case of autonomous vehicle. According to John Markoff, reporter of New York times, after conducting a test drive of seven autonomous cars, he said that it is a successful story of autonomous cars, accidents happens because of non stopping the car at red light (Chafkin, 2016). Uber has recruited in 2016 expert managers and robotic experts and a few car mechanics. The goal is to replace more than 1 million human drivers from robotic drivers. To make this effective Uber has come up with joint venture with Otto, and it was mentioned in the agreement that the Ottos current employees would get 20% of the profits of earnings by Uber from autonomous vehicles (Halpern, 2016). There are no worries in the minds of drivers of Uber due to the driverless cars, as according to Travis Kalanick the CEO of Uber; it would be a mix of driver cars and driver less cars. He said that to operate driverless cars they would be requiring more human maintenance than cars. Hence it can be said that driver less cars will not generate unemployment, rather it will create more employment. Whereas in case of general public it has been surveyed that driverless cars cause less accidents as compare to driver cars. As introduction of ATM has not reduced the job opportunities in banks, similarly it can be said that Uber driverless cars follows the utilitarianism theory, as it will generate employment for drivers and more experts and less accidents to general public. Hence good for all has been achieved. Deontology theory It is described as compiling to an obligation or duty based on ethics. According to this theory, there is a relationship between moral and good. The results of actions will only be good if the processes of the actions are according to morale. There are some acts which are morally obligatory but do not result into human welfare. According to this theory those actions should be done which can result into good for you and the people you care about, that is it does not matter that will it is morally good or not (Ackerman, 2016). In consideration of driverless vehicles, less prone accident can be ensured if the vehicle is programmed efficiently that is it ensures the safety of pedestrians as well as the passengers. However 90% of the accidents are caused by the human errors. Uber driverless cars consists fro now the professionally trained engineers who keep an eye if car came across an unexpected situation, every car is equipped with a laptop kept on its back seat which tells that the passengers are sitting in an autonomous vehicle and what is happening on the road side. Hence it can be said that Uber cars complies with deontology theory as it keeps the safety point of view of passengers as well as the pedestrians (Charlton, 2015). Virtue theory This theory emphasizes the role of a character rather than being moral in doing duty or having good consequences. The aim of virtue theory is about the living or being able to live a good life, rather to maximization of utility or goodness. This theory emphasizes on the moral character of the individual rather than his actions or its consequences. It considers the whole of the aspects rather than some of its actions. In case of driverless cars it does not cross the laws programmed in it, as if a pedestrian came across such car it would stop, rather than crossing the other lane; this would save the lives of both the passengers and the pedestrians. But if it is programmed to avoid pedestrians then to save pedestrians, the vehicle may get crashed with the other vehicle coming from the other lane, or with the roadside (Moran, 2016). If such cars came across such situation they are more likely to stop the car as compare to the human being. In case of Volvo autonomous cars they are likely hit the vehicles with good safety record for example hitting bike rider wearing a helmet. But complying to this rule also the good for all that is utilitarian approach cannot be followed (The guardian, 2015). Hence it can be said that virtue theory can only be achieved if the programming done by keeping in mind all the aspects. Contract theory Is a situation or circumstances in which an individual morals and obligations got affected or get changed due to the agreement or contract between them (Castile, 2015). It suggests that how a contract must be formed if the unexpected situation is came across. It comprises of both financial aspect whereas the behavioral aspect. The contract theory must fulfill the employees rights and able to find optimum benefits (Newman, 2014). Hence in case of driverless cars if it is programmed correctly, a plenty of seconds would be sufficient for a computer to take an ethical decision rather as a human being as he may got disturbed if many unexpected situation he came across (Wright, 2016). Conclusion It can be said that as the introduction of ATMs has not impacted in terms of unemployment so much to banks rather it has benefitted in the growth of company as well as the nations economy, similarly driverless vehicles will not lead to unemployment rather it create more opportunities as like Uber has employed experts, and robot managers and engineers. Sometimes the decisions are not clear, that is whether to save a particulars life by keeping the passengers lives in danger. References Ackerman,E,. (2016). IEEE spectrum. People want driverless cars with utilitarian ethics. unless they are a passenger. retrieved by https://spectrum.ieee.org/cars-that-think/transportation/self-driving/people-want-driverless-cars-with-utilitarian-ethics-unless-theyre-a-passenger Bourke,L,.(2016). The Sydney morning herald. Uber expands its self- driving cars but drivers say they arent worried about being put out of a job. retrieved by https://www.smh.com.au/technology/innovation/uber-expands-its-selfdriving-cars-but-drivers-say-they-arent-worried-about-being-put-out-of-a-job-20161213-gtaiuh.html Castile, M,.(2015). Drivers license. Bloomsbury publishing. USA Chafkin,M. (2016). Bloomberg business week. Ubers first self driving arrives in Pittsburgh this month. retrieved by https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2016-08-18/uber-s-first-self-driving-fleet-arrives-in-pittsburgh-this-month-is06r7on Charlton, A,.(2015). International business times. You are the pedestrian: ethics of autonomous cars making emergency decisions to save lives. retrieved by https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/you-pedestrian-ethics-autonomous-cars-making-emergency-decisions-save-lives-1506685 Halpern, S. (2016). The New York review of books. Our driverless future. retrieved by https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2016/11/24/driverless-intelligent-cars-road-ahead/ Moran,S,. (2016). Ethical ripples of creativity and innovation. Springer. London Newman,. (2014). Time. How to make driverless cars behave. retrieved by https://time.com/2837472/driverless-cars-ethics-morality/ The guardian, (2015). The problem with self driving cars: who controls the code? Retrieved by https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/dec/23/the-problem-with-self-driving-cars-who-controls-the-code Wright,L,. (2016). CBC news: technology and science. Driverless vehicles must have sophisticated moral algorithms. Say researchers. retrieved by https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/driverless-vehicles-ethics-1.3648029